Cryptorchidism

Cryptorchidism is when one or both testes have not moved down into the scrotum by the expected age in infancy, and it is usually identified and, where needed, surgically corrected in childhood. Testes that remain undescended, or that are corrected later than usual, are exposed to higher body temperature for longer, which can affect long-term sperm production even after successful surgery. Men with a history of cryptorchidism, especially if it affected both testes or correction was delayed, may have lower sperm counts than average and are sometimes advised to have a semen analysis if trying to conceive, along with awareness of a small increase in future testicular cancer risk requiring self-examination and follow-up as advised.

Also known as: undescended testis, undescended testicle

Last reviewed: 9 September 2026. Written by the Antega Editorial Team. General information only — always follow the advice of your own clinic, doctor or pharmacist.