Cryptozoospermia

Cryptozoospermia means sperm are not seen in a standard semen analysis but are found in extremely low numbers after the sample is concentrated by centrifugation. It sits between severe oligozoospermia and azoospermia, and can be caused by significant impairment of sperm production or, less often, a partial obstruction. Because sperm numbers can fluctuate close to this threshold, repeat testing with careful laboratory technique is important before deciding on treatment. When sperm are consistently very scarce, they may sometimes be collected and used for ICSI, or surgical sperm retrieval may be considered if none are found on repeat testing.

Also known as: cryptozoospermic, rare sperm on semen analysis

Last reviewed: 9 September 2026. Written by the Antega Editorial Team. General information only — always follow the advice of your own clinic, doctor or pharmacist.