Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) describes semen analysis results showing all three main parameters — concentration, motility and morphology — below the reference range at the same time. It is one of the more significant patterns seen in male-factor infertility and is more likely than a single abnormal parameter to be linked to an underlying hormonal, genetic, varicocele-related or obstructive cause. Evaluation usually includes hormone testing, scrotal examination and ultrasound, and sometimes genetic testing, with genetic counselling offered where relevant. IVF with ICSI is commonly used for couples affected by OAT, alongside treatment of any identifiable underlying cause such as varicocele.
Also known as: OAT, OAT syndrome
Sources
- World Health Organization (who.int)
- ICMR Standard Treatment Workflows (icmr.gov.in/standard-treatment-workflows-stws)
Last reviewed: 9 September 2026. Written by the Antega Editorial Team. General information only — always follow the advice of your own clinic, doctor or pharmacist.