Sperm DNA fragmentation

Sperm DNA fragmentation testing measures the proportion of sperm carrying breaks or damage in their DNA, usually reported as a DNA fragmentation index (DFI). It is a different measurement from the standard semen analysis, since sperm can look normal under the microscope and move well while still carrying DNA damage, or vice versa. Higher DNA fragmentation has been associated in some studies with reduced natural conception rates and higher miscarriage rates, but the evidence on how much it should change treatment decisions, and on the benefit of specific treatments to reduce it, remains limited and is not settled internationally. Indian professional guidance does not currently recommend it as a routine first-line test for all men; it is more often considered selectively, for example after unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss or IVF failure, and results should be interpreted alongside the rest of the fertility evaluation rather than acted on in isolation.

Also known as: DFI, DNA fragmentation index

Last reviewed: 9 September 2026. Written by the Antega Editorial Team. General information only — always follow the advice of your own clinic, doctor or pharmacist.