Testicular torsion

Testicular torsion occurs when the testis twists on the spermatic cord, cutting off its own blood supply, and causes sudden, severe testicular pain requiring emergency assessment, since the testis can be permanently damaged within a few hours if untreated. It is most common in adolescents and young men but can happen at any age. Emergency surgery is usually needed to untwist the testis and, where possible, preserve it; if the testis is not viable it may need to be removed. A past episode of torsion, whether or not the testis was saved, can affect future sperm production, so semen analysis may be advised later if fertility is a concern.

Also known as: twisted testicle, torted testis

Last reviewed: 9 September 2026. Written by the Antega Editorial Team. General information only — always follow the advice of your own clinic, doctor or pharmacist.