Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) refers to a group of laboratory tests carried out on a small sample of cells taken from an embryo created through IVF, before it is transferred to the uterus. PGT is done alongside IVF or ICSI — it is never a stand-alone test and cannot be done without embryos being created in a laboratory. The three main types are PGT-A (checking chromosome number), PGT-M (checking for a specific single-gene condition already known in the family) and PGT-SR (checking for the effects of a parental chromosome rearrangement such as a translocation). Each has a different purpose and different evidence base, and not every couple needs PGT. A fertility specialist and genetic counsellor can help decide whether it is relevant to a particular couple's history. PGT does not guarantee a healthy baby or a successful pregnancy, and it cannot test for every possible genetic or medical condition. Sex determination or selection using PGT or any other method is prohibited in India under the PCPNDT Act, and Indian clinics reporting embryo sex for non-medical reasons act unlawfully.
Also known as: PGT, preimplantation genetic testing
Related India guides
Sources
- ICMR Standard Treatment Workflows (icmr.gov.in/standard-treatment-workflows-stws)
- Federation of Obstetric and Gynaecological Societies of India (fogsi.org)
- European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (eshre.eu)
Last reviewed: 9 September 2026. Written by the Antega Editorial Team. General information only — always follow the advice of your own clinic, doctor or pharmacist.