Lifestyle & preconception
Smoking is linked to reduced fertility in both partners and poorer treatment outcomes. Many NHS areas require non-smoking status for funded IVF. Free NHS stop-smoking support is available. Lifestyle is only one factor, and many fertility problems have medical causes unrelated to lifestyle.
Related United Kingdom guides
Last reviewed: 23 September 2026. Written by the Antega Editorial Team. General information only — always follow the advice of your own clinic, doctor or pharmacist.